The 7 Types of AI - And Why We Talk (Mostly) About 3 of Them

IBM Technology
10 Nov 202306:50

TLDRThe video script introduces a classification of artificial intelligence (AI) into seven types, focusing on two main categories: AI capabilities and functionalities. It explains that the only existing AI today is artificial narrow or 'weak' AI, which is trained for specific tasks and requires human input. Theoretical AI capabilities, including artificial general intelligence (AGI or 'strong' AI) and artificial super AI, are discussed as concepts that could potentially develop independently and surpass human cognition. The script also outlines four functional AI types, from reactive machine AI to self-aware AI, highlighting the current state of AI and its potential future advancements.

Takeaways

  • 🤖 AI is often classified into seven types, based on capabilities and functionalities.
  • 🏁 Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), also known as 'weak AI', is the only AI type currently in existence, designed for narrow tasks.
  • 🚀 Theoretical AI includes Artificial General Intelligence (AGI or 'strong AI') which can adapt and learn new tasks without human training.
  • 🌟 'Super AI' is a hypothetical concept where AI surpasses human cognitive abilities and develops its own emotions, needs, and beliefs.
  • 🎯 Reactive Machine AI, a subset of ANI, performs specialized tasks based on statistical analysis and data processing.
  • 🔄 Limited Memory AI, another subset of ANI, can recall past events and use that data to influence future decisions.
  • 💭 Theory of Mind AI, associated with AGI, aims to understand and respond to human emotions and intentions.
  • 🧠 Self-Aware AI, linked to Super AI, would possess an understanding of its own internal state, emotions, and desires.
  • 📈 The development of AI is an ongoing journey, with a taxonomy of types helping to track progress and current capabilities.
  • 🤔 The potential of AI extends beyond current capabilities, with theoretical forms offering insights into possible future advancements.

Q & A

  • What are the two encompassing categories of AI mentioned in the script?

    -The two encompassing categories of AI mentioned are AI capabilities and AI functionalities.

  • What is the term used for the only type of AI that exists today?

    -Artificial Narrow AI, also known as 'weak AI', is the only type of AI that exists today.

  • What is the potential future form of AI that can perform tasks without human training?

    -Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) or 'strong AI' is the theoretical form of AI that can perform tasks without human training.

  • What is the term for AI that surpasses human cognitive abilities?

    -Artificial Super AI is the hypothetical form of AI that would surpass human cognitive abilities.

  • What is the first type of narrow AI functionality discussed in the script?

    -The first type of narrow AI functionality discussed is Reactive Machine AI, which is designed to perform a very specific specialized task.

  • How did IBM's Deep Blue demonstrate the capabilities of Reactive Machine AI?

    -IBM's Deep Blue demonstrated the capabilities of Reactive Machine AI by analyzing the chessboard and predicting probable outcomes to beat chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov.

  • What is Limited Memory AI, and how does it differ from Reactive Machine AI?

    -Limited Memory AI can recall past events and outcomes, monitor specific objects or situations over time, and use past and present data to make decisions. Unlike Reactive Machine AI, it can improve performance over time as it is trained on more data.

  • What is 'Theory of Mind AI', and how does it relate to AGI?

    -Theory of Mind AI refers to a form of Artificial General Intelligence that understands the thoughts and emotions of other entities, particularly humans, to infer motives and personalize interactions based on emotional needs and intentions.

  • What is the primary goal of Emotion AI, a type of Theory of Mind AI?

    -The primary goal of Emotion AI is to analyze voices, images, and other data to understand and respond to human feelings, aiming to create more empathetic and personalized AI interactions.

  • What are the main differences between the seven types of AI discussed in the script?

    -The main differences lie in their capabilities and functionalities. Artificial Narrow AI (weak AI) exists today and performs specific tasks. Artificial General Intelligence (AGI or strong AI) is theoretical and can learn new tasks independently. Artificial Super AI is also theoretical and would surpass human cognitive abilities. The functionalities include Reactive Machine AI, Limited Memory AI, Theory of Mind AI, and Self-Aware AI, each with increasing levels of complexity and autonomy.

  • How does the script suggest we track the progress of AI development?

    -The script suggests using the taxonomy of AI types as a framework to understand and track the progress of AI development, from realized AI like Narrow AI to theoretical forms like AGI and Super AI.

Outlines

00:00

🤖 Classification of Artificial Intelligence

The paragraph introduces a classification system for AI, dividing it into seven types based on two categories: AI capabilities and AI functionalities. It explains that the only existing AI today is artificial narrow or 'weak AI', which is trained to perform specific tasks but cannot operate outside its defined parameters. Theoretical AI types include artificial general intelligence (AGI or 'strong AI') and artificial super AI, both of which are concepts rather than realized technologies. AGI is envisioned as self-learned and capable of performing new tasks without human training, while super AI would surpass human cognitive abilities and have its own emotions, needs, and beliefs. The paragraph also briefly mentions the four realized AI functionalities, including reactive machine AI and limited memory AI, with examples like IBM's Deep Blue and generative AI chatbots.

05:04

🧠 Theoretical AI Functionalities and Their Implications

This paragraph delves into the theoretical functionalities of AI, focusing on 'theory of mind AI' and 'self-aware AI'. Theory of mind AI is described as a concept that would understand and interpret human emotions and thoughts, allowing it to personalize interactions based on individual needs. The development of emotion AI is highlighted as an example of this type, aiming to analyze various data to respond to human feelings. Self-aware AI is portrayed as the most advanced theoretical concept, where AI would possess an understanding of its own internal states, emotions, and beliefs, potentially leading to AI with desires and intentions independent of human input. The paragraph emphasizes the vast potential and the many unknowns in the journey of AI development.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Artificial Intelligence, or AI, refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence. In the context of the video, AI is classified into seven types, showcasing the progression from current capabilities to theoretical advancements.

💡Artificial Narrow AI (Weak AI)

Artificial Narrow AI, also known as 'weak AI,' refers to AI systems that are designed and trained to perform a specific task within a limited scope. These systems are currently the only type of AI in existence, as opposed to the more advanced and theoretical forms of AI like AGI and super AI.

💡Artificial General Intelligence (AGI, Strong AI)

Artificial General Intelligence, or AGI, is a theoretical concept of AI that refers to systems capable of understanding, learning, and applying knowledge across a broad range of tasks, much like a human being. Unlike narrow AI, AGI would not require human training for new tasks and could adapt its learnings to different contexts.

💡Super AI

Super AI refers to a hypothetical form of AI that surpasses human cognitive abilities, including thinking, reasoning, learning, and judgment. It would possess emotions, needs, beliefs, and desires of its own, potentially evolving beyond human control and understanding.

💡Reactive Machine AI

Reactive Machine AI is a type of narrow AI designed to perform highly specialized tasks, typically based on statistical analysis and data processing. It lacks the ability to recall past events or use past experiences to inform future actions, focusing solely on the task at hand.

💡Limited Memory AI

Limited Memory AI is a form of narrow AI that can recall past events and outcomes to inform its decision-making process. It uses both past and present data to determine actions that are likely to achieve desired outcomes, improving its performance over time as it is trained on more data.

💡Theory of Mind AI

Theory of Mind AI is a theoretical type of AGI that would possess the ability to understand and infer the thoughts, emotions, and intentions of other entities, particularly humans. This type of AI would be capable of personalizing interactions based on the emotional needs and intentions of individuals.

💡Self-Aware AI

Self-Aware AI is a hypothetical form of super AI that would have the ability to understand its own internal conditions, emotions, needs, and beliefs. This type of AI would possess a level of consciousness and autonomy that goes beyond current AI capabilities, potentially leading to its own motivations and desires.

💡Taxonomy of AI Types

A taxonomy of AI types is a systematic classification of different forms of AI based on their capabilities and functionalities. The video presents a taxonomy that includes seven types of AI, ranging from realized AI like narrow AI to theoretical AI like super AI, providing a framework for understanding the progression and potential future of AI technology.

💡AI Journey

The AI journey refers to the evolution and development of AI technology over time, from its initial concepts and basic capabilities to more complex and advanced forms of artificial intelligence. The video's discussion of the seven types of AI illustrates the trajectory of this journey and the potential milestones yet to be reached.

Highlights

The classification of artificial intelligence into seven distinct types based on capabilities and functionalities.

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), also known as 'weak AI', is the only type of AI that exists today, designed to perform narrow tasks.

Theoretical AI includes Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) and Super AI, which are concepts for future development.

AGI, or 'strong AI', is a theoretical concept that can perform tasks in new contexts using previous learnings, without human training.

Super AI would surpass human cognitive abilities, potentially developing its own emotions, needs, and beliefs.

Reactive Machine AI, the earliest form of realized AI, performs specialized tasks based on statistical analysis.

IBM's Deep Blue, a reactive AI, defeated chess grandmaster Garry Kasparov in 1997 by analyzing board positions and predicting moves.

Limited Memory AI can recall past events and outcomes to make decisions, improving with more data over time.

Generative AI chatbots rely on Limited Memory AI to predict and generate text or visual elements based on context.

Theory of Mind AI, associated with AGI, aims to understand and respond to human emotions and intentions.

Emotion AI is a developing branch of Theory of Mind AI, focusing on analyzing voices, images, and data to comprehend human feelings.

Self-Aware AI, under Super AI, would have an understanding of its own internal conditions, emotions, and beliefs.

The existence of a taxonomy of AI types provides a framework to gauge the progress in AI development.

There is much to be learned and discovered in the field of AI, with only three types currently realized.

The classification helps to understand the potential impact and applications of different AI types.

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