The Better Boarding Method Airlines Won't Use

CGP Grey
4 Feb 201908:27

TLDRThe video script discusses the inefficiencies of traditional airplane boarding methods, such as back-to-front boarding, which often results in delays due to passengers stowing their luggage and blocking the aisle. It humorously suggests that even a random boarding order, where passengers board in no particular sequence, would be faster. The script proposes an alternative boarding strategy: boarding passengers by window, middle, and aisle seats in that order to minimize aisle congestion and seat shuffling. However, it acknowledges that even this method is only marginally faster than random boarding due to the significant delays caused by luggage stowage. The video also explores a theoretical, perfectly efficient method of boarding, which involves passengers standing in a specific order to maximize pullaways and parallels, but admits that such a method is impractical in the real world. Instead, it suggests a modified version of this method that could be more feasible and still faster than current practices, allowing for family and friends to board together while providing airlines with boarding groups for their systems.

Takeaways

  • 🧐 **Boarding Efficiency**: Traditional back-to-front boarding is inefficient due to frequent full-stop stows and lack of pullaways and parallels.
  • 🛍 **Bag Stowage**: Most delays in boarding are caused by passengers stowing their bags, leading to a domino effect of waiting.
  • 🔄 **Pullaways and Parallels**: Efficient boarding methods turn one queue into two (pullaways) and decrease total bag stow time (parallels).
  • 🚫 **Front to Back**: A malicious approach to maximize delays would be to board front to back with small groups, causing more full-stop stows.
  • 🛩 **Class Structure Impact**: Airlines often board first class before economy, which follows a slower boarding method.
  • 💰 **Economic Incentive**: Airlines have economic reasons to maintain boarding groups, such as loyalty points and premium perks.
  • 🤔 **Random Boarding**: Surprisingly, a non-structured, random boarding process can be faster due to the spread of passengers.
  • 🔄 **Window-Middle-Aisle**: A boarding method that orders passengers by seat type (window, middle, aisle) can reduce seat shuffles and slightly improve efficiency.
  • 🧮 **Mathematical Simulation**: Actual experiments and mathematical simulations show that seat shuffles are less impactful than bag stowage times.
  • 🎭 **Ideal vs. Real World**: Theoretical models suggest an alternating row and side method maximizes efficiency, but it's not practical for real-world application.
  • 👨‍👩‍👧 **Family and Friends**: A modified boarding method that allows families and friends to board together while still being efficient could be a compromise.

Q & A

  • What is the main issue with the current back-to-front boarding method used by most airlines?

    -The back-to-front boarding method is inefficient because it results in many full-stop stows, where passengers must wait for someone to finish stowing their luggage before they can proceed, leading to significant delays.

  • What are 'pullaways' and 'parallels' in the context of airplane boarding?

    -Pullaways refer to situations where one queue turns into two, such as when passengers in the aisle seat board, allowing others to move forward. Parallels occur when multiple passengers can stow their luggage simultaneously, reducing the overall boarding time.

  • Why do airlines continue to use the back-to-front boarding method despite its inefficiency?

    -Airlines use the back-to-front method partly due to economic incentives, such as providing perks like early boarding to first-class passengers and loyalty program members, and also because it allows them to maintain a class structure.

  • What is the boarding method that is suggested to be faster than random but still organized?

    -The Window-Middle-Aisle method is suggested as a faster alternative. It involves boarding passengers by window, middle, and then aisle seats in that order, which minimizes seat shuffles and slightly increases the chances of pullaways and parallels.

  • How does the 'front to back' boarding strategy maximize delays?

    -The 'front to back' strategy maximizes delays by causing almost every passenger to shuffle forward and perform a full-stop stow, especially when the line is blocked by rows that are already full or when passengers are still outside the plane.

  • What is the theoretically fastest way to board a plane as suggested by the script?

    -The theoretically fastest way to board a plane involves passengers standing in an exact order, back-to-front in alternating rows and alternating sides, with windows boarding first. This maximizes pullaways and parallels, allowing for a highly efficient boarding process.

  • Why do airlines not adopt the theoretically fastest boarding method?

    -Airlines do not adopt the theoretically fastest method because it is not practical in the real world. It requires people to follow complex instructions perfectly, which is unrealistic given human behavior, and it does not account for the class structure and economic incentives that are part of the airline industry.

  • What is the modified boarding method that could work in the real world and still be faster than current methods?

    -The modified method involves boarding in groups, with the first group boarding all one side of the plane in every other row, followed by the second group boarding the other side, and so on. This method allows for families and friends to board together, gives airlines flexibility with boarding groups, and is more efficient than back-to-front or window-middle-aisle methods.

  • What is the role of luggage in causing delays during the boarding process?

    -Luggage is a significant cause of delays during boarding as it often requires passengers to stop and stow their bags, causing those behind them to wait. The process of finding space and stowing luggage can lead to full-stop stows, where the entire line comes to a halt.

  • What is the 'seat shuffle' and how does it affect the boarding process?

    -A 'seat shuffle' occurs when passengers entering the plane have to move past others to get to their assigned seats, which can slow down the boarding process. The Window-Middle-Aisle boarding method aims to reduce seat shuffles by ensuring passengers board in a sequence that minimizes the need to move past others.

  • Why is the 'doing nothing' approach, where passengers board in whatever order they arrive, faster than organized boarding groups?

    -The 'doing nothing' approach is faster because it leads to a more random distribution of passengers, which increases the chances of pullaways and parallels. This contrasts with organized boarding groups, which tend to create more full-stop stows and less opportunity for simultaneous luggage stowing.

  • What is the significance of the class structure on airplane boarding methods?

    -The class structure influences boarding methods because it dictates which passengers board first. First-class passengers typically board first and use the front-to-back method, while economy class passengers board later, often using the back-to-front method. This structure affects the efficiency and fairness of the boarding process.

Outlines

00:00

🤔 Inefficiency of Traditional Airplane Boarding Methods

The first paragraph discusses the inefficiency of the most common airplane boarding methods. It humorously criticizes the 'back to front' approach used by many airlines, which leads to significant delays due to 'full-stop stows' where passengers must wait for others to stow their luggage. The paragraph also touches on the economic incentives that drive these methods, such as first-class benefits and loyalty programs. It suggests that a more efficient method would be to board by window, middle, aisle seats in sequence, reducing the need for seat shuffles and increasing the likelihood of 'pullaways' and 'parallels,' which are more efficient bag stowing scenarios.

05:01

🚀 Theoretical vs Practical Boarding Optimization

The second paragraph explores the contrast between theoretical and practical airplane boarding methods. It imagines a utopian scenario where passengers board in a perfectly choreographed manner, maximizing efficiency through 'pullaways' and 'parallels.' However, it acknowledges the impracticality of this approach in the real world, considering factors like family groups, economic incentives, and human behavior. A more realistic, yet still improved, method is proposed where passengers board in groups that alternate sides and rows, allowing for some of the efficiency gains of the theoretical model while being more feasible in a real-world context.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Boarding Groups

Boarding groups refer to the method used by airlines to organize passengers into specific categories for boarding an aircraft. The video discusses how these groups prioritize passengers, which can affect the efficiency of the boarding process. The script mentions that boarding groups are used to 'Prioritize, plainly packing primates precisely,' indicating the attempt to organize the process in a structured manner.

💡Back-to-Front Boarding

Back-to-front boarding is a method where passengers are boarded starting from the back of the plane and moving towards the front. The video argues that this is an intuitive but ineffective solution, as it leads to many 'full-stop stows,' where passengers must wait for someone to finish stowing their luggage before proceeding. This method is widely used by airlines but is criticized for being inefficient.

💡Full-Stop Stow

A full-stop stow occurs when a passenger stops to stow their luggage in the overhead compartment, causing a delay for everyone behind them in the boarding line. The video emphasizes that this is a significant cause of boarding delays, as it creates a bottleneck in the boarding process. The term is used to illustrate the inefficiency of certain boarding methods.

💡Pullaways and Parallels

Pullaways and parallels are terms used to describe efficient boarding actions. A pullaway occurs when a passenger moves away from the aisle after stowing their luggage, allowing others to move forward. A parallel refers to two passengers stowing their luggage simultaneously. The video suggests that these actions are desirable as they reduce the total time spent boarding and increase efficiency.

💡Class Structure

The class structure on an airplane refers to the different service classes, such as first class, business class, and economy class, which often have different boarding priorities. The video points out that real planes have a class structure where first class boards first, using a front-to-back method, before economy class passengers board in a back-to-front manner.

💡Economic Incentives

Economic incentives are the financial motivations or rewards that influence behavior, such as the perks offered to first-class passengers or loyalty points for frequent flyers. The video suggests that these incentives are one reason airlines maintain their boarding methods, as they provide benefits to passengers who pay more or fly more often with the airline.

💡Window-Middle-Aisle

Window-Middle-Aisle is a boarding method where passengers are boarded in the order of window seats, followed by middle seats, and then aisle seats. This method is suggested as a slight improvement over random boarding because it reduces the likelihood of seat shuffles, which can slow down the boarding process. The video explains that this method is used by some airlines and is faster than the back-to-front approach.

💡Seat Shuffles

Seat shuffles are movements in the airplane aisle as passengers adjust their seats or belongings after boarding. The video argues that ordering passengers by window, middle, aisle can eliminate seat shuffles, as each passenger will go directly to their assigned seat without needing to move past others. However, the script also notes that seat shuffles are not as significant a delay as bag stowage.

💡Bag Stowage

Bag stowage refers to the process of passengers stowing their luggage in the overhead compartments or under the seats in front of them. The video identifies bag stowage as the primary cause of delays during boarding, as it often requires other passengers to wait, leading to a slowdown in the boarding process.

💡Cellular Automaton

Cellular automaton is a concept from theoretical physics and computer science where a grid of cells follows a set of rules to evolve through a number of discrete steps. In the context of the video, it is used metaphorically to describe a hypothetical, highly efficient boarding process where passengers behave predictably and without delay, contrasting with the real-world complexities of human behavior.

💡Celestia

Celestia, in the context of the video, is a metaphorical place representing an ideal, theoretical plane where boarding processes are perfectly efficient and passengers behave as predictable entities. It is used to contrast the idealized boarding process with the messy realities of human behavior and societal structures that affect actual airplane boarding.

Highlights

The fastest way to board an airplane is a topic of debate, with the current methods being inefficient.

Airlines typically use a back-to-front boarding method, which is not the most efficient.

Bag stowage is the main cause of delays during the boarding process.

Pullaways and parallels are efficient boarding actions that reduce total bag stow time.

Front-to-back boarding with smaller groups maximizes full-stop stows, leading to inefficiency.

The class structure of airplanes affects boarding methods, with first class boarding first.

Economic incentives and loyalty points influence the boarding methods used by airlines.

A faster boarding method involves boarding passengers by window, middle, aisle order.

Seat shuffles are less of a delay compared to bag stowage during boarding.

The Window-Middle-Aisle method is slightly faster than random boarding and is used by some airlines.

Theoretically, the fastest way to board a plane involves a specific order that maximizes efficiency.

In an ideal world, passengers would board in an exact order to maximize pullaways and parallels.

A modified version of the perfect method allows for family and friends to board together while maintaining efficiency.

The modified method also provides benefits like maintaining boarding groups for airlines.

Despite the challenges, striving for a more efficient boarding method can lead to improvements in the real world.

The human inability to follow instructions perfectly affects the efficiency of boarding methods.

Airlines may not adopt the most efficient boarding methods due to economic incentives and passenger behavior.