How To Automate Your Literature Review ETHICALLY Using ChatGPT (Prof. David Stuckler)

David Stuckler
29 Dec 202317:20

TLDRIn the video, Prof. David Stuckler demonstrates how to ethically automate literature reviews using ChatGPT, emphasizing the importance of not plagiarizing and adhering to university and publishing guidelines. He outlines a four-stage process: defining a clear research question, creating an outline with ChatGPT, developing a search strategy using Google Scholar, and refining the literature review with the PIER writing system. Prof. Stuckler advocates for free tools like Zotero and Google Scholar and encourages ethical AI usage to enhance research efficiency without compromising academic integrity.

Takeaways

  • 📝 Ethical use of AI like ChatGPT can enhance the literature review process without violating academic standards.
  • 🔍 Start by defining a clear and focused research question to guide your literature search and review.
  • 📈 Use ChatGPT to generate a structured outline for your literature review, including potential themes and sections.
  • 🔎 Invert the traditional order of writing by developing an outline before conducting a detailed literature search.
  • 🌐 Utilize free tools like Google Scholar for targeted searches on each theme from the outline.
  • 💡 Employ the STRIP method for forensic searches, carefully extracting and citing evidence from the literature.
  • 📚 Create a dedicated library or collection in a reference manager like Zotero for organizing your literature.
  • 📝 Follow the PIE writing system (Point, Evidence, Explanation, Linking Sentence) for drafting literature review paragraphs.
  • ✍️ Use ChatGPT to edit your work in an academic tone, ensuring clarity and conciseness while maintaining your original ideas.
  • 🚀 AI tools like ChatGPT can significantly speed up the literature review process, making research more efficient.
  • 🤖 Embrace AI to augment your research capabilities, but always ensure that you are the original creator of your work and ideas.

Q & A

  • What is the main focus of the video?

    -The main focus of the video is to demonstrate how to automate the literature review process ethically using ChatGPT, without plagiarizing or breaking university rules.

  • What is the first step in writing a literature review according to the video?

    -The first step is to define a clear research question with specific boundaries to prevent getting lost in the vast amount of information available.

  • How can ChatGPT assist in refining a research question?

    -ChatGPT can list out potential research questions based on a given topic, helping to connect the topic to a specific outcome and define the population or intervention.

  • What is the recommended method for developing a literature review outline?

    -The recommended method is to use ChatGPT to create a structured outline with potential themes, which can later be refined and adjusted according to the specific requirements of the project.

  • How does the video suggest one should develop a search strategy for the literature review?

    -The video suggests inverting the traditional order by first developing an outline and then using it to guide the search strategy on platforms like Google Scholar.

  • What is the STRIP method mentioned in the video?

    -The STRIP method is a forensic search technique used to extract key information from articles, which is then used to support the points made in the literature review.

  • Why is using a reference manager like Zotero important?

    -Using a reference manager like Zotero is crucial for organizing the literature, avoiding plagiarism, and ensuring proper citation of sources in the literature review.

  • What is the PIER system mentioned for writing well?

    -The PIER system is a writing framework where P stands for Point (topic sentence), I for Information (evidence, examples, explanation), E for Explanation, and R for Repeating or linking sentence.

  • How can ChatGPT be used for editing in the literature review process?

    -ChatGPT can be used to edit the first draft of the literature review, improving the academic tone and ensuring clear, succinct writing while adhering to the PIER system.

  • What is the secret tip for writing that the video promises?

    -The secret tip is the PIER system, which structures writing to begin with a clear point, followed by information, an explanation, and a linking or repeating sentence.

  • What is the speaker's stance on AI tools like ChatGPT in academic research?

    -The speaker is in favor of using AI tools like ChatGPT in academic research, as long as it's done ethically and enhances human capabilities without replacing the need for扎实的研究工作.

Outlines

00:00

📚 Ethical Use of AI in Literature Review

The speaker, a professor, introduces the concept of using AI, specifically chat GPT, to automate literature reviews in an ethical manner. They emphasize the importance of not plagiarizing and adhering to university or publishing rules. The professor shares their experience of publishing over 400 articles and journals and suggests that AI could have expedited the process. They introduce a four-stage writing process for literature reviews, starting with defining a clear research question and setting boundaries to avoid getting lost in broad topics. The professor provides an example of refining a broad interest into a specific research question using chat GPT and discusses the importance of focusing the literature search.

05:01

🔍 Developing a Search Strategy with Google Scholar

The professor discusses the second stage of the literature review process, which involves developing a search strategy. They recommend using Google Scholar for targeted searches based on the themes from the outline created by chat GPT. The professor introduces the 'strip method' for conducting forensic searches and avoiding plagiarism. They demonstrate how to use Google Scholar to find relevant articles, save them to Zotero, and use the 'strip method' to extract key points from the abstracts, which are then placed into the appropriate sections of the working document. The professor emphasizes the importance of free tools like Zotero and Google Scholar for high-quality research and open access.

10:02

✍️ Writing and Editing with the PIER System

The professor moves on to the fourth stage of the literature review process, which is writing and editing. They introduce the PIER system as a method for effective writing, comparing it to a hamburger structure with the 'point' as the bun, 'evidence' as the meat, and 'repeating sentence' as the other bun. The professor provides an example of how to flesh out a point using the PIER system, including how to incorporate evidence from a study into the writing. They then demonstrate how to use chat GPT to edit the drafted paragraph for academic tone and succinctness, highlighting the time-saving benefits of AI in the editing process.

15:03

🚀 Overcoming the Hurdle of Literature Review

In the final paragraph, the professor shares the success story of a student who struggled with literature reviews but managed to complete one efficiently using chat GPT. They stress that overcoming the initial hurdle of literature review can unlock further progress in research. The professor advocates for the coexistence of AI and humans, encouraging the ethical use of AI tools like chat GPT to enhance research capabilities. They also invite viewers to join their Facebook group for a community of practice among professors and researchers, promoting collective advancement in research.

Mindmap

Keywords

💡Automate

The term 'automate' refers to the process of making a task or process run by itself with minimal human intervention, often through the use of technology or software. In the context of the video, it relates to the main theme of utilizing ChatGPT to streamline and efficiently manage the literature review process, which is typically labor-intensive and time-consuming. The video provides an example of automating the literature review by using ChatGPT to generate a structured outline and potential themes for the review, thus reducing the manual effort required in the initial stages of research.

💡Literature Review

A literature review is a scholarly paper or article that discusses previously published research on a specific topic. It provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge, identifying trends, providing a theoretical and methodological framework, and pointing out the gaps in the research. In the video, the literature review is the central focus, with the presenter aiming to show how to automate this process ethically using ChatGPT. The video emphasizes the importance of conducting a literature review in an ethical manner, without plagiarizing, and within the guidelines of academic institutions or publishing standards.

💡Ethically

Ethically refers to the principles of conduct that are acceptable in research and scholarly work. It involves honesty, transparency, and respect for the rights and contributions of others. In the context of the video, ethical use of ChatGPT in automating literature reviews means not using the tool to cheat or plagiarize, but rather to assist in organizing and structuring the review in a way that adheres to academic standards and respects intellectual property rights. The video provides guidance on how to use ChatGPT ethically to enhance the efficiency and quality of a literature review without compromising these principles.

💡ChatGPT

ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence-based chatbot developed by OpenAI. It is designed to generate human-like text based on the prompts given to it. In the video, ChatGPT is presented as a tool that can assist in automating the literature review process by generating research questions, outlines, and structuring the review in an academic tone. The video emphasizes the importance of using ChatGPT as a辅助 tool to enhance the research process rather than as a substitute for the researcher's original work and critical thinking.

💡Research Question

A research question is a specific, focused, and exploratory query that guides the research process. It is designed to address a knowledge gap and to yield meaningful insights or findings. In the video, defining a clear research question is the first step in the literature review process. The presenter demonstrates how ChatGPT can assist in refining a broad topic into a specific, answerable question, which is crucial for setting boundaries and parameters for the literature search and ensuring that the review remains focused and relevant.

💡Search Strategy

A search strategy in the context of literature review refers to the systematic approach used to find relevant sources of information. It involves using keywords, databases, and other tools to locate scholarly articles and research papers that pertain to the research question. The video discusses the development of a search strategy as the second stage in writing a literature review. It suggests using advanced tools like ChatGPT to create an outline first, which can then guide the search strategy, making the process more efficient and ensuring that the search is targeted and relevant to the research topic.

💡Outline

An outline is a structured plan that lists the main points and subpoints of a document, paper, or presentation in a hierarchical format. It serves as a blueprint for organizing the content and ensures that the flow of ideas is logical and coherent. In the video, the presenter advises using ChatGPT to generate an outline for the literature review, which includes a working title, introduction, methods, and various sections and subsections. This outline helps to focus the search for literature and provides a framework for writing the review, ensuring that all relevant aspects of the research question are addressed.

💡Zotero

Zotero is a free, open-source reference management software that helps in collecting, organizing, citing, and sharing research sources. In the video, the presenter recommends using Zotero to save and manage the literature found during the research process. It is emphasized as a fundamental tool for avoiding plagiarism and for keeping track of the sources used in the literature review, allowing for proper citation and referencing in academic writing.

💡Google Scholar

Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. In the video, Google Scholar is recommended as a starting point for the search strategy in the literature review process. It is used to conduct targeted searches for each theme outlined, helping to find relevant articles and research papers that pertain to the research question. The presenter also introduces the 'strip method' for forensic searches, which involves using Google Scholar to extract key information from articles and incorporating it into the literature review.

💡Plagiarism

Plagiarism is the act of using someone else's words, ideas, or work without giving proper credit or permission, and presenting it as one's own. In academic writing, plagiarism is a serious offense that can lead to penalties and discreditation. The video emphasizes the importance of avoiding plagiarism when automating the literature review process with ChatGPT. It provides strategies for ethical use of the tool, such as generating an outline, conducting personal searches, and properly citing sources, to ensure that the work produced is original and respects the intellectual property of others.

💡Peer Review

Peer review is the process by which scholars or experts in a field evaluate the quality of work produced by their colleagues in the same field. It is a critical part of academic publishing and ensures that research meets certain standards of quality, rigor, and originality before it is published. In the video, the presenter mentions that the tips provided could have been used to expedite the peer review process for the 400 articles they have posted, suggesting that the use of ChatGPT in literature reviews can contribute to more efficient and effective scholarly communication.

💡Zero

The term 'Zero' in the video seems to be a typo or an error, as it does not appear to have a clear definition or context within the provided transcript. It could potentially be a reference to 'Zotero', the reference management software mentioned earlier in the transcript, which is used for organizing and citing research sources. However, without further context, it is difficult to provide a detailed explanation of this term within the video's narrative.

Highlights

The video presents a method for automating literature reviews ethically using ChatGPT.

Professor Davis Suckler emphasizes the importance of using AI tools without plagiarizing or breaking university rules.

The process starts with defining a clear research question to avoid getting lost in a vast topic area.

ChatGPT can assist in refining the research question by listing potential questions related to the topic.

An outline and structure for the literature review can be created with ChatGPT's help, which can later be refined.

Google Scholar is recommended for conducting targeted searches on each theme from the outline.

The STRIP method is introduced for conducting forensic searches and avoiding plagiarism.

Zotero is suggested as a fundamental tool for managing and organizing the literature review sources.

Editing the first draft with ChatGPT can significantly save time and improve the writing quality.

The PIER system (Point, Evidence, Explanation, Repeating Sentence) is introduced for writing effective paragraphs.

ChatGPT can enhance the editing process by refining the language and structure of the paragraphs.

The video provides a secret tip for writing that transforms the way one thinks about literature reviews.

The presenter has published over 400 articles and believes the tips shared could have expedited the process.

The video aims to help students and researchers master the basics of literature reviews and move forward efficiently.

The use of AI in academic research is positioned as a competitive advantage in the future.

The video encourages the ethical use of ChatGPT to augment human capabilities in research.

The presenter advocates for free tools like Zotero and Google Scholar to reduce barriers to high-quality research.

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