Biochemistry-biochemical pathway insights and academic aid

Example

The breakdown of glucose in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle provides energy to cells in the form of ATP.

Scenario

In diabetes, a biochemical defect in insulin regulation impairs glucose metabolism, leading to high blood sugar levels.

Example

Lipid molecules such as eicosanoids, derived from fatty acids, act as signaling molecules in inflammatory responses.

Scenario

During an injury, eicosanoids mediate pain and inflammation as part of the body's healing process【14†source】.

Example

DNA stores genetic information, while RNA transmits and helps in protein synthesis.

Scenario

Mutations in DNA can lead to genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis, where a single nucleotide change affects protein function.

Example

Lipid bilayers and proteins form the cell membrane, which regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Scenario

In conditions like familial hypercholesterolemia, mutations in the LDL receptor disrupt cholesterol transport, leading to atherosclerosis【16†source】【15†source】.

Example

Enzymes, such as proteases, catalyze biochemical reactions, like protein digestion.

Scenario

Defective protease enzymes in conditions like cystic fibrosis lead to improper protein breakdown and accumulation of mucus【18†source】.