C++ Exception Handling Explained-C++ Exception Handling Guide

Example

try { throw std::out_of_range("Index out of range"); } catch (const std::exception& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); }

Scenario

When accessing elements outside the bounds of a container, a std::out_of_range exception can be thrown and caught, providing a clear error message to the user.

Example

class MyException : public std::exception { public: const char* what() const throw() { return "Custom error occurred"; } }; try { throw MyException(); } catch (const MyException& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); }

Scenario

For domain-specific errors not covered by standard exceptions, custom exceptions allow developers to provide tailored error messages and handling logic.

Example

void funcB() { throw std::runtime_error("Error in funcB"); } void funcA() { try { funcB(); } catch (...) { throw; } }

Scenario

Exceptions can be propagated up the call stack, allowing higher-level functions to catch and handle errors from lower-level functions.

Example

void noThrowFunc() noexcept { /* Guaranteed not to throw */ }

Scenario

Marking functions with noexcept indicates they are guaranteed not to throw exceptions, aiding in optimization and clarity of design.